MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AS OF JANUARY 2025
Air temperature
During the first month of 2025, abnormally warm weather prevailed in most of the Russian Federation, especially in the ETR where new daily maxima of air temperature were repeatedly recorded from Syktyvkar and Vologda in the north to Crimea and Dagestan in the south and from Smolensk in the west to the Volga region and Udmurtia in the east, and the decade-averaged temperature anomalies exceeded +4-8°.
In the first half of the month, a similar situation was observed in the Urals where the temperature anomalies in the first and second decades were even higher than in the ETR, and new temperature maxima were measured in many locations. But after cold weather came to the north of this region in the third decade, the decade-averaged temperature anomalies became negative, and the temperatures to the south of the region changed to normal.
The patterns in Siberia and in the Far East were more involved: there, new temperature maxima in the south of Western Siberia as well as in Trans-Baikal and Primorye were accompanied with new minima when the thermometer readings in the north of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, in Yakutia and in Chukotka dropped below -50° at times. In the second and third decades, the decade-averaged temperature anomalies in the north of Siberia, in Kolyma and in Chukotka were -2…-7°.
MAIN WEATHER AND CLIMATE TRAITS IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AS OF DECEMBER 2024
Air temperature
The Year 2024 was the second warmest in the meteorological chronicle since 1891 wherein 2020 was the only year warmer, and was the only year when the annual average air temperature was positive, compared to -0.1° in 2024. This year turned out to be the hottest in the Central, Southern and North-Caucasian Federal Districts as well as in Crimea, its annual average temperature being the second highest for the ETR and the ATR separately, as well as for the North-Western and Siberian Federal Districts.
The annual average air temperature all over Russia save for Wrangel Island in the Chukchi Sea was above-normal, -- one degree above in a significant part of the country, and two or more degrees above in the south-west of the Central region, in certain other south-western territories, in Siberia and partly in the Arctic.
In Russia, the monthly-averaged temperatures recorded in summer as well as in November and December were extremely high. In December, all decade averages were noticeably higher than normal, especially in the Urals, in Siberia and in the south of the Far East where anomalies reached +10…16° or more.
During the month, new temperature maxima were recorded at times in Yakutia, Siberia and Kolyma, in the Russian North, on the islands in the Arctic Ocean and in the Kaliningrad Region. Right amid the winter, the air temperature in the Arctic and the Magadan Region was positive now and then.